What is court, What are the major functions of court

A court is an institution authorized to carry out judicial functions. It listens to and resolves legal disputes, whether they are related to civil, criminal, or administrative matters. The primary role of a court is to administer justice and resolve disputes according to the law. It is part of a judicial system that includes various types of courts, such as trial courts, which hear cases, and appellate courts, which hear appeals, What is court, What are the major functions of court.

Typically, a court’s structure includes one or more judges. In addition to judges, there may be lawyers, barristers, and other supporting staff present in the court.

The location of a court is called a “courthouse,” where hearings take place. The court’s role extends beyond just resolving disputes; it also plays a vital part in maintaining peace within society. Without an impartial institution to settle conflicts, chaos could ensue in society. Thus, the court is an essential entity that ensures justice and the rule of law.

The history of courts is ancient and diverse. Initially, India’s judicial system was managed by the emperor’s courts and the East India Company’s courts. Between 1834 and 1861, these two distinct courts operated with different jurisdictions. By this time, the need for a unified judicial system in India was recognized, leading to efforts for its establishment.

After the East India Company was dissolved in 1858, British rule took direct control over India. Consequently, the Indian Penal Code and Criminal Procedure Codes were created. The Indian High Courts Act of 1861 was enacted, establishing high courts in Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras. This act aimed to unify judicial administration and granted supervisory powers to high courts over all subordinate courts, What is court, What are the major functions of court.

The Supreme Court of India was established on October 1, 1937, as a federal court and was reorganized into its current form on January 28, 1950. It serves as the highest judicial authority in India with original, appellate, and advisory jurisdiction under the Constitution. Its purpose is to protect citizens’ fundamental rights and resolve disputes between various government authorities.

India’s judiciary has undergone significant reforms over time, such as increasing the number of Supreme Court judges in 1956 and creating new benches in 1979. Currently, the Supreme Court can have up to 34 judges, including the Chief Justice.

What is the function of court in India

The role of courts in India is to conduct judicial processes and resolve disputes according to the law. Courts hear various types of cases, including civil, criminal, and constitutional matters. The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial authority in the country, established under the Constitution, and it has original, appellate, and advisory jurisdiction. It protects the fundamental rights of citizens and resolves disputes between different government authorities.

Courts not only hear cases but can also issue orders and directives, such as writs of habeas corpus or mandamus. The decisions of the Supreme Court are binding on all lower courts, ensuring uniform adherence to the law. Additionally, courts are utilizing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to streamline judicial administration, exemplified by initiatives like the e-Court project, What is the function of court in India.

How many types of courts are there

India has various types of courts classified based on their jurisdiction and functions. The main types of courts in India are:

1. Supreme Court: This is the highest judicial body in India and operates under the Constitution as the Supreme Court. It has original, appellate, and advisory jurisdiction. It protects the fundamental rights of citizens and resolves disputes between the central and state governments.
2. High Courts: Each state or Union Territory has a High Court. These courts are the chief judicial authorities of the state and have the power to hear appeals. There are 25 High Courts in India, some of which have jurisdiction over more than one state.
3. District Courts: These operate at the local level and primarily hear civil and criminal cases. Each district has a District Court that supervises various subordinate courts.
4. Special Courts: These are established to handle specific matters such as economic offenses, corruption, or family-related issues. Examples include fast-track courts and family courts.
5. Other Subordinate Courts: This category includes civil courts, criminal courts, and other special courts that hear various types of cases.

The purpose of these different courts is to provide accurate and swift justice so that citizens can protect their rights and resolve legal disputes, How many types of courts are there.

Which is the highest court in india

The Supreme Court of India is the highest and most powerful judicial body in the country. It was established on January 28, 1950, and operates as the supreme court under the Indian Constitution. The court is located in New Delhi and can have a maximum of 34 judges, including a Chief Justice.

What is the monthly salary of a Judge

The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court receives a monthly salary of 2,80,000 inr, along with a hospitality allowance of 45,000 inr and a one-time furnishing allowance of 10 lakh. Other Supreme Court judges earn a monthly salary of 2,50,000 inr and a hospitality allowance of 34,000 inr, in addition to a one-time furnishing allowance of 8 lakh.

The Chief Justice of the High Court also earns the same as the Supreme Court judges, receiving 2,50,000 inr per month, along with a hospitality allowance of 34,000 inr and a furnishing allowance of 8 lakh. Other High Court judges receive a monthly salary of 2,25,000 inr and a hospitality allowance of 27,000 inr, What is court, What are the major functions of court, what is court in law.